ABSTRACT
El presente se aborda la figura de Henry Dunant, activista en favor de la causa humanitaria, fue testigo de las secuelas de la batalla de Solferino en Italia cuyo impacto le llevó a escribir sus memorias y experiencias en el libro "Un recuerdo de Solferino" en el que reclamó la creación de un cuerpo de voluntarios para socorrer a los heridos de guerra sin distinción del bando que fuera. En 1901, recibió el primer Premio Nobel de la Paz por su papel al fundar el Movimiento Internacional de la Cruz Roja (AU).
The current work is about the figure of Henry Dunant, militant in favor of the humanitarian cause. He was a witness of the sequels of Solferino´s battle, in Italy, the impact of which led him to write his memoirs and experiences in the book "A recollection of Solferino". In it he claimed for the creation of a voluntary corps to help war wounded people without distinction of the band where they fought. In 1901 he was awarded the first Nobel Peace Prize because of its role in the foundation of the International Red Crosse Movement (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Red Cross/history , Relief Work/history , Relief Work/standards , Medical Assistance/history , Medical Assistance/standardsABSTRACT
O perfil de morbidade pode ser considerado um parâmetro básico para monitoramento das necessidades de saúde da população. A informação de morbidade pode ser obtida de diversas fontes e todas elas se mostram de alguma forma, incompletas ou parciais...
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Medical Assistance/economics , Medical Assistance/ethics , Medical Assistance/standards , Medical Assistance/organization & administration , Delivery of Health Care , Morbidity , Health PolicyABSTRACT
A adesão à terapia antirretroviral (TARV) é crucial para a efetividade e o impacto do tratamento da Aids. Este artigo discute as relações entre adesão e qualidade dos serviços de assistência a pessoas vivendo com Aids (PVA), evidenciando a qualidade como elo central entre adesão e acesso. Está baseado nos resultados de pesquisas que conduzimos sobre a atenção a PVA no Brasil. Nossos estudos apontam que os grupos de pacientes acompanhados em serviços com número inferior a 100 pacientes apresentam risco estimado de não adesão maior do que os grupos acompanhados em serviços com mais de 500 pacientes. Apontam também que serviços com menos de 100 pacientes têm risco estimado maior de pertencer a grupos de má qualidade. Isto está relacionado à baixa complexidade observada nos serviços de menor porte caracterizada por: dificuldades em manter uma estrutura mínima de recursos humanos e materiais, simplificação da organização dos processos de trabalho, centramento no trabalho autônomo do profissional médico e gerenciamento sem projeto técnico. Há necessidade de pautar novos estudos sobre adesão e qualidade. As evidências existentes já apontam, porém, a necessidade de revisão na alocação dos serviços de assistência a PVA, bem como a de homogeneizar a qualificação destes serviços, condições necessárias para a manutenção de taxas aceitáveis de adesão à TARV no país.
The patient adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is a crucial matter to AIDS treatment effectiveness and its' impact. This article aims to discuss the association between adherence and quality of health service providing care to people living with AIDS (PLWA), highlighting quality of the services as a central point to adherence and access. It is based on results of our previous studies about the health care to PLWA in Brazil. Our studies point out that the groups of patients who are followed-up in health services providing care for less than 100 patients presented greater estimated risk of non-adherence than services following more than 500 patients. Also, smaller health services showed greater estimated risk to be ranged in the worst quality of services groups. This is related to the low complexity of smaller health care services, such as: lack of minimum human resources and material structures, poor organization on work process, medical-centered care and poor technical management. New studies in adherence and quality of services are needed. Nevertheless, the existent findings have already pointed out the need to review the current distribution of AIDS care services as well as to make the quality of services more homogenous thorough the country. These are high priorities in order to keep acceptable levels of adherence to HAART in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Health Services Accessibility , Medical Assistance/standards , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Medical Assistance/organization & administration , Odds RatioABSTRACT
El ejercicio de la profesión médica y la atención de la salud adquiere una inusitada complejidad en el transcurso de las tres últimas décadas. El avance incesante de la tecnología y el conocimiento; el nuevo rol del paciente a través de la reafirmación de sus derechos y el ejercicio de los mismos; las demandas de mala praxis; las leyes y normatizaciones gubernamentales; como así también una nueva concepción de atención en salud, asimilada a una empresa de servicios, plantea la necesidad de difundir en la población médica nociones básicas de estos temas. Esta propuesta debe permitirle al médico, interpretar el curso de los acontecimientos en la evolución de la atención de la salud, y comprometerlo a participar activamente en diseños de los nuevos modelos en calidad de atención médica.
Subject(s)
Accreditation , Medical Assistance/standards , Quality of Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Quality of Health Care/standards , Quality of Health Care/organization & administration , Certification , Delivery of Health Care , Physician-Patient Relations , Clinical Protocols/standards , Quality Control , Ethics, Medical , Health Programs and Plans , Patient AdvocacySubject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Medical Assistance/standards , Child Abuse , Child Nutrition , Child Nutrition Disorders , Medical Staff, Hospital/standards , Handbook , Hematology/standards , Infant Nutrition Disorders , Costa Rica , Neonatology , PediatricsSubject(s)
Education, Medical , Schools, Medical , Medicine , Internship and Residency , Medical Assistance/standards , TechnologyABSTRACT
The present work aimed to determine the magnitude of the problem of injuries which need medical care among preschool children, causes and nature of injuries as well as the provided medical care in Alexandria. To accomplish this aim a cross sectional design was used. Thirty clusters were selected. The total number of children in the preschool age was 1147. out of them 179 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria [the total sample size]. The total incidence rate of injuries among preschool children was 15.61% and the total mean age was 2.79 +/- 1.170 years, with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. the commonest causes of injuries were falls followed by poisoning. About one third of injuries were minor limb injuries in the form of bruises and sprains. Most injuries took place at home. Most parents sought governmental medical services. Complete recovery after treatment represents the main outcome. The majority of parents described injuries in non-rational terms
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Medical Assistance/standards , Health Services/standardsSubject(s)
Humans , Endocarditis, Bacterial/prevention & control , Anti-Bacterial Agents/standards , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology , Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial/etiology , Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial/prevention & control , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/adverse effects , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/standards , Tooth Extraction/adverse effects , Medical Assistance/standards , Heart Valve Prosthesis/standardsSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adolescent Medicine/standards , Bone Diseases, Developmental , Growth Disorders , Medical Assistance/standardsABSTRACT
La finalidad del libro es la de proporcionar conocimientos y criterios teóricos, técnicos y económicos introductorios a los elementos que conforman y condicionan, y que permiten evaluar, la "garantía" de la calidad de y en la práctica médica. Los apartados en que se divide son: La naturaleza y el enfoque de la garantía de la calidad; la definición de calidad; La definición de salud; Los medios para alcanzar los objetivos relacionados con la salud; Costo monetario y calidad: efectividad y eficiencia; Costo monetario y calidad: el intercambio costo-calidad; Enfoques para la evaluación; Qué es lo que se debe evaluar; Criterios y estándares de evaluación: descripción y clasificación; Criterios y estándares de evaluación: atributos evaluativos; Procedimientos para formular criterios y estándares explícitos; Fuentes de información; El ciclo de monitoría de la calidad